A Beautiful Home

They say a house is not a home until it is filled with the laughter and noise of the family living in it. The house I grew up in was just a simple wooden house. It had all the basics that made it a house such as the rooms and furniture. I remember that my favorite room in the house was the kitchen.The kitchen for me is what made my family house a beautiful home. I remember how the kitchen always smelled of a mixture of brewed coffee and bacon first thing in the morning. I did not need an alarm clock during those summer months out of school.The freshly cooked bacon and smell of hot bread coming out of the oven always got everyone out of bed early. I would always be the first of my siblings in the kitchen, ready and willing to set the breakfast table. As the family sat gathered around to eat, we would tell stories about how we planned to spend the day.After the meal, our father would line us up by the door before he left and give us our candy money for the day. He was a kind man my fat her. He always smelled like soap and coffee even hours after the meal.My house is a beautiful home. It has everything that is expected. I have a loving father, a responsible mother, and siblings who I continue to grow with to adulthood. What more can I ask for?Questions and Answers:1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What was your dominant impression?The dominant impression I wanted to capture in this paper is the early memory of my childhood and those simple times when my family shared everything we did together. I also wanted to give the reader a vivid description of how my family was and the simple joys we shared like having an early morning breakfast.2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Weakness in my assignment?I wish I had a higher allowable word count so that I could be more descriptive and further enhance the use of the 5 senses of my reader as my narration progresses. I also think that I have a problem in the subject verb agreement in a portion of the essay.3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Strengths in my assi gnment I am proud of?I am proud of the way I was able to relate a simple childhood experience and enhance it into a wonderful memory of the home I grew up in for whoever might read my essay.   

Learning Chinese: A fashionable trend Essay

Learning mandarin has caught the attention of millions of people, emerging as a new must have language in many Asian countries, Europe and the USA, having many desperately trying to master one of the world’s hardest languages. Mandarin is seen as a key skill for people hitching their futures to China’s economic rise, bringing huge benefits and advantages. Since English is spoken so universally, it no longer offers companies and employees the edge it once did. As China is rising, the world is embracing Mandarin, where it is spoken by one out of every six people on earth. In South Korea, there was an increase of 66% over the past five years of students learning the Chinese language. Japanese secondary schools have also been offering mandarin courses, the most taught foreign language after English. Moreover, Thailand’s Ministry of Education has decided to include Mandarin education in all high schools starting 2008, and later on planning to expand it to junior high and elementary. Chinese is daunting to learn for many, because of the tones used in speech, and the thousands of characters that must be memorized to be considered literate. Nevertheless, this has created a flourish in language centers, educational programs and improvement of electronic dictionaries teaching mandarin, as several countries such as the U.S just don’t have enough trained mandarin teachers. â€Å"The level of interest is high, but the level of expertise is low,† says Scott Mc Ginnis, an academic adviser at the Defense language Institute in Washington. The Chinese language was once discriminated against during the Cold War, being considered the language of the enemy. Right wing governments in Asian countries feared their regime would be toppled by the spread of communism. However, there are no longer any prejudices against the language, and even considered fashionable. Many teenagers have used pop icons as an inspiration for learning the Chinese language, in hopes of decoding what is said during popular watched soaps and songs lyrics. â€Å"Since Chinese is the language spoken by the largest population, in addition to many markets which have flourished in China, learning Mandarin would be a great benefit, since its is expected for China to become a hub for the future economy,† commented Yeh, a Taiwanese 8th grader, fortunately having Chinese as her mother tongue.image00.png As China’s economic clout grows, learning Mandarin offers a strategic advantage such as reducing misunderstandings. Even though many predict it wouldn’t overtake English as the common language, mastering the language would provide an edge in the 21st century. America Losing Its Dominanceimage01.png The U.S has steadily begun to lose its dominance in areas such as science, and innovation against Europe and Asian countries such as Japan, China, Singapore and Taiwan. Foreign advances in science often exceed America’s, as industrializing countries are catching up aggressively. David Baltimore, president of the California Institute of Technology and a 1975 Nobel laureate in Medicine, puts it bluntly: â€Å"We can’t hope to keep intact our standard of living, our national security, our way of life, if Americans aren’t competitive in science. Period.† European scientists have been making vast achievements, such as detecting methane in the atmosphere of planet Mars. In addition, Asia has been growing technology and innovative wise, seeing output number of papers skyrocketing to a peak. The stance that America has in the scientific world is being shaken, competed and rivaled by foreigners. Even though many say President Bush is to blame by failing to provide enough money for research, the charge has been denied, stating that research budgets during the Bush administrations have been higher than ever before. image02.png The numbers of doctorates and scientists have been falling drastically these previous years according to Dr. Hicks of Georgia Tech. Scientific papers have been falling by 10% due to rising foreign competition, and also a brain drain crisis. The number of doctoral students from China, India and Taiwan planning to stay in the United States began to fall by the hundreds, returning to their own countries. These numbers are significant since researchers from foreign countries account for more than a quarter of industrial patents awarded each year in the U.S. â€Å"After the September 11 crisis, and tightening security on visas, I no longer want to go to the U.S for higher education as it is complicated, and would rather go elsewhere†. Taiwan and Singapore are surging way ahead of the U.S in electronics, and China rapidly growing on medical apparatus. These cause fewer skilled jobs in America, and a decrease of discoveries and innovations. Several private groups in Washington have begun to promote industrial vigor, and agitate for action in order for the U.S to have a place in the scientific society. Since science and technology are key to economic growth and prosperity, Jennifer Bond, the U.S. council’s vice president for international affairs stated, â€Å"They’re [foreign countries] catching up to us,† warning Americans not to â€Å"rest on our laurels.†

Anti Discriminatory Practice Essay

There are four main ethical ideas that should be taken into account in the health and social care sector. They are: * Justice – People must be treated fairly and equally regardless of their background. * Autonomy – A person’s choice must be respected.  * Beneficence – This involves risks and costs; the health care professional should act in a way that is beneficial to the patient. * Non-maleficence – Any harm caused by treatment should not be greater than the benefits of the treatment. The underpinning principles and values of care practice are centred upon ethical principles and put the individual at the main focus of the health and social care provision. Putting the individual at the heart of service provision To put the individual at the heart of service provision, the health and social care service providers need to: * Provide support consistent with the beliefs, culture and choices of the individual. * Support the service users in the expression of their needs and preferences. * Empower individuals.  * Promote and encourage individual rights, choices and well being. Providing active support consistent with the beliefs, culture and preferences of the individual Active support involves helping an individual as much as possible and taking their beliefs, culture and preferences into account when making choices in a health and social care setting. For example, if you are caring for a Jewish person in a retirement home you would need to ensure that Kosher food is available for them as well as what they would need in order to worship. Another example would be a student joining a teacher’s class who has learning difficulties. The teacher and school would have to ensure that the child is listened to and given any support that they might require with sensitivity and respect. They may also require the support of an advocate. The main forms of support may be: * Advice and guidance * Medical and care planning information * Physical support such as personal care * Social support * Mental health support such as coping strategies Mental health support – coping strategies This has to be treated with thoughtfulness and sensitivity. If someone is identified as needing mental health support, they should have access to services such as social workers, community nurses, occupational therapists and psychiatrists. Other services available are psychologists, counsellors and community support workers such as home helps. These services are in place to take care of the health and social care needs of people who suffer with mental health problems. It’s important that the service users are aware that they must always seek advice from professional services. Supporting individuals to express their needs and preferences This for example could mean the support of an individual who is deaf and needs to find other ways to express their needs and preferences. A health and social care service provider could put the service user in touch with British Sign Language interpreters, Deaf-blind interpreters, lip-speakers, note-takers and speech-to-text reporters. Another reason that an individual may need this kind of support is if they do not speak English and require an interpreter. This is particularly common in hospitals. The interpreter may be a friend or relative or even a person specifically hired to be an interpreter in health and social care settings. Essentially, the interpreter should be anyone who can help the service user express their needs and preferences. All of this is important in the process of keeping the person informed about what is happening to them so they can communicate their preferences and needs. Empowering individuals If everything that needs to be done for an individual’s care is explained and checked over with them, they can be empowered. This gives them the control over the service they receive and leaves them with the confidence that they are the main priority. Empowering an individual ensures that no decisions are made on their behalf, even if it is in their best interests. The service user has to be able to make decisions themselves and it’s important that the health and social care service provider presents them with all the information they need to make an informed decision. The service provider must also respect the choice of the individual regardless of if the decisions and choices they make aren’t necessarily right in their own opinion. Promoting individuals’ rights, choices and well-being Individual rights can be encouraged and promoted through a number of ways. For example, help can be offered with language and communication for those who cannot effectively communicate due to disabilities, illness or the fact that English is not their first language. Information must be provided in a number of forms such as Braille, pictures and in a range of languages. It’s important that a qualified translator is involved in the production of information, for example in medical advice, so that the grammar is correct. If it is wrong, the service user may feel under-valued and silly. Balancing individual rights with the rights of others Balancing an individual’s rights with the rights of others is possible as long as you have good organisational, communication and negotiating skills. Everyone within the health and social care service must work together to come to a solution for individual rights that suites everybody.

Innovation Organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Innovation Organisation - Essay Example Various tables and figures have been employed in order to justify the objectives of this research, and to provide evidence of the company’s operational excellence. Present day business environment is very dynamic in nature which keeps on changing frequently with the changing market conditions at domestic and international level. Organisations existing in the present day business environment have sufficiently understood this fact and perform their market analysis and research activities to identify the changes. It is very essential for present day organisations to get adapted to the changes and maintain their business operations. To attain the level of flexibility required for adapting to the changes organisations develop innovative approaches to modify their business structure and systems as per the changes. This report discusses the theories of innovation and its real application in present day organisations. Irrespective of industry type every organisation is required to identify the changes and resist them. This report has considered the construction industry and its performance in the international market. BAM Construct UK Ltd. is one of t he leading construction companies in UK and is a part of the European construction enterprise. The study has considered the company BAM Construct UK Ltd. as its sample organisation for analyzing the innovative practices performed within present day organisations. The study emphasizes various innovative approaches which are practiced in the sample organisation and also provides with suggestions on improving their innovation practices in regards to their product development activities. Organisations come up with innovative products which are developed as per the changing demands of the customers’. Organisations are required to update their product range at regular intervals which help them in gaining

Personal Philosophy For Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Personal Philosophy For Education - Essay Example It is in view of the above discussed needs in their totality that it is observed, discipline has to be married with dignity (Curvin, Mendler and Mendler, 2008, p.14-20). The students are found to learn best when the teacher possesses a consistent personal philosophy of education so that â€Å"an acceptable theory of discipline (for all occasions and events) can be evolved to provide needed direction and help reduce teaching complexities and and increase effectiveness (Edwards, 2008, p.23). The major benefit of having a philosophy of education is that it â€Å"serves as a guide and helps eliminate problems that stem from having to make decisions without the benefit of a firm set of principles† (Edwards, 2008, p.25). Personal philosophy of education can be defined as â€Å"a consistent well-understood system of beliefs and associated theories† that a teacher depends upon for guidance in his/her professional acts (Edwards, 2008, p.25). ... 31 - 32). But once the teacher has evolved a concrete philosophy of education, there is always an option for the teacher of comparing one’s bahaviour and actions with that philosophy and correcting deviant behaviour and actions. The students learn best when the teacher defines all the professional practices, leadership and management skills and behaviours related to personal effectiveness based on his/her personal philosophy of education (National Institute of Education Singapore, n.d.). The professional practices are related to various aspects like, supporting the growth of the child, ensuring quality in the learning exercise of the child, providing quality learning of the child in CCA, and cultivating knowledge through perfect command over the subjects taught, encouraging reflective and analytic thinking, promoting initiative, rendering knowledge with a creative edge and with a focus on the short term and long term future requirements (National Institute of Education Singapo re, n.d.). Similarly, leadership and management skills to be exercised by the teacher have to include winning hearts and minds of the students through empathising rather than mere systemising and also through understanding the classroom environment and developing the children (Baron-Cohen, 2004, p.2-6; National Institute of Education Singapore, n.d.). Leadership and management is also about working with others, which in this particular context is related to working with the parents and in teams that include students, teachers and the school administration (National Institute of Education Singapore, n.d.). Finally, the third aspect of ensuring that

The processes needed to effectively plan, implement and manage the Essay

The processes needed to effectively plan, implement and manage the capacity of a manufacturing organisation - Essay Example Through manufacturing capacity development, organisations determine the most efficient methods for manufacturing through analysing different manufacturing processes, which can be utilised in manufacturing of similar products. The management of the manufacturing processes aims at increasing the manufacturing capacity for various manufacturing plants. Proper management of manufacturing processes would ensure maximum manufacturing capacity, through maintaining the highest achievable production with available resources. The manufacturing capacity should also be properly managed and controlled in order to achieve significant benefits (Ceryan and Koren, 2009). Proper utilisation of resources, therefore, becomes fundamental to effectiveness of manufacturing capacity, under varying business conditions. Consideration of the impacts of the variations could enable an organisation achieve desirable manufacturing capacities, with limited manufacturing resources. The manufacturing process Manufact uring generally refers to the processes involved in transforming raw materials into usable products (Grewal, 2011). The manufacturing process remains highly dependent on the economic systems existing within the manufacturing regions. Within free market economies, manufacturing aims at producing large quantities of products. Collectivist economies produce a manufacturing system aimed at supplying products based on government direction, while mixed economies are characterised by numerous governmental regulations on manufacturing processes. The manufacturing policy adopted by various plants therefore, remains highly dependent on the economic system under which the manufacturing process occurs. While economic systems affect the manufacturing design adopted by manufacturers, the manufacturing capacity remains independent of economic systems, within the manufacturing region. This capacity becomes solely dependent of the processes adopted within the manufacturing system. The processes are utilised in determining the efficient methods which can effectively use limited resources and achieve immense production outcomes. The manufacturing process adopted could be utilised in development of the plan being adopted to ensure maximum return on investment. The manufacturing process normally defines the technology being adopted in converting the various raw materials into consumable products. The process involves the application of various technological methods and systems utilised in converting raw materials into consumable products (Sweeney, Williams and Camm, 2009). In choosing the manufacturing process, the human capital capacity and other resources become fundamental considerations, for decision-makers in ensuring efficiency of manufacturing. Proper utilisation of available resources could result in increased output while utilising similar manufacturing methods, and having equal resources. The manufacturing capacity seeks to establish the highest production level achievab le through utilisation of available resources. The output remains a significant determinant of manufacturing capacity for a specified manufacturing plant. Planning The planning process for manufacturing capacity remains essential in establishing various methods which could be utilised to ensure maximum output from available resources. The optimum capacity building must be established during the planning process (Grewal, 2011). During this stage, the fundamental issues considered include the amount of capacity required and the type of systems which should be adopted. In determining the required capacity, the market target for the goods becomes essential. The decision-makers must have knowledge of the market for the products. Fast-moving consumer goods, for example, would involve

Discrimination in the Workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Discrimination in the Workplace - Essay Example It is the mutual responsibility of employers and employees to take effective measures to stop workplace discrimination. Let us consider the case of Holmes, Helm and Partners, Inc. and discuss some of the most effective ways through which the HR manager of a company can avoid workplace discrimination Awareness about Discrimination Employees need to know that hiring decisions based on some protected class characteristics and dismissing employees based on his/her race or gender are legally defined as workplace discrimination and the employees have the right to raise their voice against such cases. In our case, Jessica Farrago, who was one of the two newly appointed creative supervisors, was being discriminated by Marc Corrigan as she was receiving no input or feedback from him on the work she was doing. That is the reason why she wanted to raise her voice in front of the president of the HHP. Protected Class Characteristics Another way to avoid workplace discrimination is by knowing tha t anti-discrimination laws cover protected classes. Employees need to know what protected classes actually are. â€Å"A protected class is a group of people against whom it is illegal to discriminate based on a common characteristic† (Ehow, n.d.). ... Similarly, Marc Corrigan did not like to hire Heather Stubbs and Oscar Rosenberg because of age and disability issues. These kinds of thoughts must be avoided while taking any key decision in order to prevent discrimination at the workplace. Zero Tolerance Policy If some employees belonging to any specific gender verbally and physically harass the opposite gender and the higher authority does not take any action against the offenders. This is a form of sex-based discrimination, which creates tension and nervousness for the victim of discrimination. To avoid such kinds of discrimination, managers need to implement zero tolerance policy and should make every employee read the guidelines of the policy on the first day of their jobs in order o avoid discrimination practice at the workplace. â€Å"If employees are made aware of the forms and effects of discrimination in the workplace it will act to discourage the practice† (McLellan, 2011). If any employee is found violating the an ti-discrimination laws of the company, he/she should be dismissed immediately to maintain a good working atmosphere in the company. For example, in our case, when Jessica reported to higher authorities the incidents of verbal sexual harassment by Harvey and Andrew, Marc Corrigan supported the offenders instead of taking disciplinary action against them. Mr. Corrigan declared Jessica’s allegations completely absurd and did not take any action against Harvey and Andrew. In such cases, incidents of discrimination and harassment prevail putting a negative impact on the company. Complaint Procedure Another step, which the management of a company must take, is to establish a proper

Written Evaluation of the Research Articles Article

Written Evaluation of the Research Articles - Article Example In order to address all listed points, the author uses qualitative research. In the first part of the paper, Waldron implements such research method as literature review for the representation of existed studies regarding the main statement. During the second part of the study, the author uses data analysis and triangulation for showing research results to the readers. Waldron interviews twenty six participants via Skype, phone and e-mail offering carefully elaborated questionnaires. In addition, the author conducts face-to-face interviews with four teachers and analyzes online data through forum posts, digital videos and discussion platforms. The main subjects of descriptive analysis are two online music communities such as the Online Academy of Irish Traditional Music (OAIM) and the Banjo Hangout. The author represents detailed characteristics of both sites. Juxtaposing chosen subjects with each other, it has been found out that despite the fact that they have different ideological approaches of the work, the influence of user-generated content and Web 2.0 on both of them is practically the same. The research provided in the article is relevant and makes sense in the conditions of quickly developing technologies that currently we live in. The author chooses appropriate research methods and offers available for comprehension interpretations of study results so that it is easy to conclude that the statement and the purposes of research have been achieved. The article provides valuable findings asserting that participatory culture and such tools like YouTube do not substitute traditional music learning classes but mostly are used to supplement the study activities (Waldron, 2013). There are examples of teachers testimonials and tips that can be very useful for other tutors. Hence, all interviewed teachers stated that they had to modify their teaching approaches because of digital video usage. Their sharing of experience may

Juvenile and adult justice system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Juvenile and adult justice system - Essay Example In the criminal courts however, it is called plea bargaining but in the juvenile courts, it is referred as modifying the petition. The adult and juvenile both have a right to hearings, appeals and a right to counsel in court proceedings. Adults are tried for crimes in the adult court while juveniles are tried in the juvenile court. Unlike adults whose court proceedings are public, juvenile proceedings are not viewed as criminals and their records are confidential and are not normally accessible. In the case of adult trials, the â€Å"best interest† lies in reducing or foregoing the sentence, unlike in the juvenile trials where rehabilitation is the main focus. In terms of sentencing, although judges in both courts have leeway in determining the proper sentence, the judges in the juvenile court have far more room to decide on the sentence. They have a broad range of options from immediate parole to placing delinquents in juvenile facilities or county jails (Yakov, 2011). Yes, I think that juveniles should continue to receive preferential treatments from the courts because the courts should focus on their rehabilitation and not in the punishment of the crimes that they commit.

Development Policies and Political Evolution of Jordan Essay

Development Policies and Political Evolution of Jordan - Essay Example He has the power to appoint or dismiss the judges, amend the constitution, wage wars, and control the armed forces. He appoints the council of ministers, led by the Prime Minister, which is entrusted with the responsibility of overlooking the affairs of the country concerning general policies. The Jordanian constitution offers three types of courts – civil, religious and special, and its administration comprises of a total of twelve governorates each of which is led by a governor, who in turn is appointed by the King. The governors of each governorate are responsible for supervising and managing all the government departments as well as developmental projects in their respective regions1. Jordan, a predominantly monarchist regime, has seen the tremendous transformation on the political front in the past decade. Its transition from monarchy towards a democracy has resulted in the establishment of a multi-party system, as well as framing of revolutionary laws and policies that aimed to ensure and safeguard political freedom. Jordan aims to establish itself as a model of a modern Islamic state with humanistic values. In pursuit of its ideals and a vision to create a model framework for the social, political and economic development of their country, the Ministry for Political Development was established in the year 2003. This organization put forward a formal definition that aptly described the country’s political ideologies. It is mentioned below: â€Å"Development is a modernization process that will develop the relationship between the State and society, which will foster public stability and social peace through developing the law regulating public affairs, stimulating public participation, restructuring the public concepts of organizational and institutional structures and transforming the concepts of adjustment loyalty, transparency, accountability and participation from the theoretical stage  into the application sphere."

A SMALL PLACE JAMAICAN KINCAID Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A SMALL PLACE JAMAICAN KINCAID - Essay Example However, as I kept on reading, I figured that Jamaican Kincaid is about a journey of a tourist, who comes far away from his every day world to have a good time. It shows the ignorance we use as bliss in order to go through an ordinary life. Starting from the customs at the airport, writer Annie John has tried to show the difference the tourist is likely to notice once he/she arrives in Antigua. The cab ride, which starts with the driver quoting a high price than the one he would charge the local people. The writer shows here that people in these countries, especially cab drivers feel that their best chance of earning easy money is to quote a high price to a western tourist as the drivers would feel that these tourists would not mind spending these amounts of money since they do not have any idea about the regular charge. The ride to the hotel might seem dangerous if narrated, with nearly no traffic rules being followed and the condition of the roads giving you the feeling that you are in Disney Land and taking a ride in a roller-coaster. However, the writer says that the tourist would not feel much of a difference as the cab drivers in New York are also from these parts of the world and would have a similar style of dr iving. The writer talks about the possible confusion of the tourist when he sees expensive cars Made in Japan, he must wonder how can these people afford it, do these people have equally expensive houses to go with this car? The writer posing this question gets the chance to take a dig at the government of Antigua which owns two major car dealerships in Antigua. The government hence makes car/auto loans easier for consumers while home loans remain stringent. Describing the god awful look of the hospitals and the quality of the doctors, Annie John makes the reader think about the helpless condition of people in Antigua. As the writer said, the ministers can take a

Gender Equality Essay Example for Free

Gender Equality Essay Irrespective of the country and the cultures people live in, it is next to impossible to keep the question of gender equality hidden in the modern society. When the word gender equality was voiced in the 19th century what was been sought was political rights. Not only then but also today inequality between men and women has been evident in our society. Discrimination against women is an act that has had a lot of negative impact in our society and to the women themselves. This has been demonstrated through gender violence, economic discrimination, reproductive health inequalities and harmful traditional practices. It is a concern to the whole world to a point of making the affirmative action to fix this problem. Gender equality first and foremost is a human right; women are entitled to live in dignity and in freedom from fear and want (Tomasevski, 1993). Should men and women be equal in the modern society? Men and women are equal; only that women are victims of pervert social progress. Gender discrimination between men and women leads to unequal access to the resources and benefits of development. see more:gender discrimination short essay Gender inequality affects all people; sustainable gains in development and poverty reduction are only possible when men and women are full and equal participants in society. Men and women are different but they are equal in that whatever men can do their women counter parts can do it well. Men and women are equal what brings the discrimination is the socialization that men and women get. The notion that women are weak has denied many women with the ability to exploit the abilities they have (Tierney, 2007). Men and women are equal in so many aspects and should be equal. Politically, financially and academically no much difference that can be noted, it is insignificant. In the political realms there are women who are doing extemporal well. Taking the example of the just concluded US election Hillary Clinton had good support and motions that would be bought by the rest of the candidates. In the world of business we have Oprah Winfrey; an indicator of what women can do. She is competing among the men in that field and still her success is a threat to many. In the modern society women have been known to take responsibilities of raising the families. Women have come up so well in that their dependency level is going down even though they are discriminated in salaries. This is a proof enough that if women are given equal opportunity with men they can do much well. In the employment sector women are taking those opportunities which were thought to be for men (Kramarae Spender, 2000). Women are managers of big companies and also owners just as men. They are also well represented in the government sectors and in the government. They have become career makers. Men have the initiative of sharing the household responsibilities. It is a common occurrence that couples can choose whether it is the woman or the man who will get a leave to take care of their new borne baby. Men and women are equal in the eyes of the law; they are subjected under the same law. Women are equal to men in all aspects hence in the modern society they should get the right to basic needs, education, job training and employment as men do. Empowering women is a great tool for reducing poverty and advancing development. Empowered women contribute to productivity and health in the families and communities and hence improved prospects for the next generation (Cross, 2001). The idea that men are stronger physically is just a preference of a few. If women are given similar opportunities as men they can perform equally well. Denial of opportunity has contributed to decreased performance of women in various areas. On the other hand both women and men should not forget their roles though sharing of responsibilities is taking root in the modern society. References: Cross, P. L. (2001): Womens Rights are Human Rights; Human Rights are Womens Rights. Retrieved on 29th Dec, 2008 from: http://www. pinn. net/~sunshine/essays/w_rights. html Kramarae, C. , Spender D, (2000): Routledge International Encyclopaedia of Women: Global Womens Issues and Knowledge. ISBN 0415920906, 9780415920902, Routledge Tierney, J. (2007): Men and Women, Different but Equal: What’s the Problem? Retrieved on 29th Dec, 2008 from: http://tierneylab. blogs. nytimes. com/2007/09/09/men-and-women-different-but-equal-whats-the-problem/ Tomasevski, K. , (1993). Women and Human Rights. ISBN 185649120X, 9781856491204, Zed Books

A Dissertation About Issues In logistics management

A Dissertation About Issues In logistics management 1. Introduction: This dissertation is about logistics management. It is a part of the supply chain management which involves with the inflow, outflow, procurement, maintenance and storage of goods and services. The supply chain exists between starting point to delivery point. As mentioned by Ackerman (2000), Logistic management basically means having a right thing, in the right place at the right time. This project is focus on the activities of manager of famous company to perform in order to make the organisation a success. In todays environment there is a need to stay updated in order to know the flaws in business, to think at the right time and act accordingly. There is always a complexity in dealing with the ever-changing customer requirements, their expectations relating to price, competitions in the economy and so on. All these have to be met efficiently in order to cope up with the situation. The success of a goods or service depends on how well strengthens of the distribution strategy is studied and how the suppliers, markets, storage and transportation are dealt with right strategy. The upcoming areas deal with the entire process involved in the transformation of a raw material into the ultimate finished product. Logistics management presents a v ariety of tools to understand the logistics in effective decision making and how it goes in relating the broader issues in the entire supply chain thereby finding out ways and means in achieving the strategic goals (Ackerman, 2000). The company that is selected here is Tolam Logistics which is located in Hong Kong. It was established in 1996 by Mr. Eric Lam who had about 20 years experience in freight and transportation. The TLs provide One Stop shop logistics services by all type of facility of logistics like storage, delivery, custom clearance etc. The TLs main customers included Toshiba, Sanyo, Kleon, Fujis air conditioner and Plasma Televisions. It had a warehouse of 100,000 sq. ft. and owns around 32 trucks. The staff strength resulted to around 100 including permanent staffs (Magee, 1985). Tolam Logistics is a logistics company engaged in the distribution of goods that are received at its warehouse. The main points that we focussed here is warehousing and distribution. The objective of this case study is to discuss its objectives, strategies and methods employed in: Transportation planning: TL uses its own trucks to transport the goods without depending on outsourcing of transport. Only when the demand exceeds its transport facilities it does not hesitate to make use of outsourcing and in situations where the demand is low it has no problem to put its trucks idle. They use their trucks in such situations to generate income by outsourcing their trucks to other uses. E.g. In monsoon season due to low business activity at that time not using outsourcing trucks and deploy only own trucks which runs on fixed route and fixed contract which surety of fixed expense and income. Inventory management: TL provides a sound inventory system. They receive orders in the night and make despatches in the daytime. They forecast the warehouse space and transportation on a quarterly basis in order to know its requirements. Companies usually reserve their space in the warehouse depending upon the volume to be held in the warehouse. They have latest technology for loading and unloading 14 vehicles at a time. Information technology: TL has an extended use of computer systems to record various transactions happening inside. It maintains a separate database for each customer. TL is now in the process of developing a new IT integrated system that will open up new exits to the company. TL does have difficulties in providing different legacy systems, so they are planning to install a common platform on the web so that all its customers can be satisfied at a time. They are implementing barcode system to tracking goods(Frederick Ross, 1996) 2. Aims and Objective: We are learning about the issues of logistics management and for this purpose I am planning to take up the company Tolam Logistics as the main subject. Tentative research questions can be considered for this purpose is What are the main factors that affect the logistics management at TL, Do theories of logistics apply at the ground level?, How important is logistics in managing customer satisfaction?, What are the performance measures, costing methods and metrics used for logistics management?, Can modern communication technologies impact logistics management. 3. Theoretical Background: 3.1 Logistic Strategy and Planning: The supply chain strategy is main link to growth of business strategy and it should taking care of balance maintained between the cost and service offered by firm. As mentioned by Tompkins (1998), following factors have to be considered here, The customers and suppliers should be aligned in regard to the internal company operations. Companys inflow (Raw Material) and outflow (sales) should be maintained as per market demands and trends with the help of internal company operations likes collect, pickup, packaging, deliver etc. The marketing and sales plan should be aligned to meet the supply chain strategy means like E.g. For launching a new product in the market sales plan like marketing should be start after enough production flow carry on to fulfill the demand of market, If market trends change the immediately we have other strategy for product modification. The capital expenditure has to be aligned to the supply chain operations. E.g. Firm have enough capital for monthly fixed expense like production cost, sales, salary, rent, marketing and promotion cost etc. The HR structure has to be aligned to the supply chain E.g. HR structure have enough manpower to operate the production, sales and marketing etc dept. The supply chain has to be aligned in order to meet the investment policies. The supply chain has to be aligned in order to meet the growth targets. The supply chain has to be aligned in order to make room for expansion of the business. Logistic planning involves the use and management of all logistic resources in order to maintain the desired cost and service performance. The considerations include the inventory positioning, inventory levels, number of warehouses, types of warehouses, mode of carrier selection and so same will be forwarded. The company can decide on whether to deploy a high service method or a low cost service method. A high cost method deploys more warehouses, use fast delivery transportation and maintain high stock levels. This method of course is mostly trying to avoid the high cost. Whereas, a low cost service method gives value for cost by reducing the number of warehouses to one, use cheap transportation and maintain longer lead time in ordering stocks. Through improved warehouse design the cost of handling materials can be reduced to a great extent prior delivery goods arrange as to easily loading and unloading from trucks, by arranging direct vehicle loading of materials from the warehouse and implementing automated installations are two methods that can reduce handling material costs. By conducting an assessment of the transport costs and implementing the right choice by comparing current transport costs with that of the occurring standard rates can bring down transport costs to the minimize with routes selection, speed of vehicle, Regular maintained vehicle, road maps, uses the GPRS system to reach at delivery point. This type of logistic planning goes a long way in attaining the right logistic system. Company has to consider four main points while planning a logistic system; they are as stated above, customer service levels, facility location, inventory decisions and transportation decisions. These four levels are related to ea ch other and therefore integrated planning has to be considered. Planning here means designing the logistics network as a configuration of warehouses, production plants, selling areas, stocking-areas, transportation and information systems that aim at balancing an equilibrium between the overall costs and the revenue. Briefly idea for the logistic planning means the total cost concept should be studied to consider the supply chain.   3.2 Customer Service Strategy:   Supply chain is basically considered as a strategic concept that involves understanding and managing the sequence of activities -from supplier to customer-that add value to the product supply pipeline (Tompkins, 1998). The role of customers in the supply chain market is not incidental. Every company in this chain, irrespective of market size mainly they thankful to its customers as the fact is that in all profit of firm there are customers are in center whom to buy the goods and services produced by each one of them. This century marks the end of monopolies and therefore customers can make an array of choices. When customers decide not to buy products in a particular supply chain, then no doubt the company would collapse without earning any revenue for the expenses incurred in launching the product on the stage of saturation and decline stage. So, the supply chain should be structured in such a manner that there is a common link between the products as such and the end customer. It is because that the tastes of customers keep changing and their expectations goes on rising, when product cycle at saturation and decline stage at they began decreasing brand loyalty and put in for anything that attracts them. Thus the importation must be put on conducting effective market analysis to know the needs of different groups of customers to whom the offer is to be made. Its main aim is to polish its contact with the customers. The rationale behind this strategy is to improve services provided directly or indirectly to its customers and to use the information in the system for targeted marketing and sales purposes. A kind of metrics should be used to assess the customer service, like the companys ability to fill the orders in limited time or the delivery of the products on the due date. Other researches can be conducted to find out the reason for not delivering the products on the due date. There is no compromise for an act of negligence in meeting customer satisfaction as it is the customers who ultimately judge the life span of the company.  In todays fast growing economy, it is not the matter of fact that the big beat the small but it is the fast beats the slow and the accurate beats the inaccurate. Below are mentioned seven steps to reduce the fulfilment costs by improving customer service at the same time (Tompkins, 1998). According to him, the following points are important with regard to supply chains, Integrate with order entry system: In todays hyper competitive economy it is very difficult to maintain order fulfilment through the internet. Most of them placed through internets are managed poorly and which end in resulting distorting customer satisfaction due to delay in product delivery. Integrating a systematic order fulfilment process tends to reduce manual labour that saves time, increases profitability and customer satisfaction E.g. Order received in night and make delivery in the day time. Build in adaptability: Providing exceptional customer service has proved to be challenging in todays competitive environment. Companies can meet this challenge by proving to be adaptable with the customer wants makes changes in their orders right from the purchase and even upto and after shipment. This can prove to be successful as the customers can get what they want even if their product changes from the market. E.g. Tailor made transportation system like packaging facility as per weather. Confirm with bar codes: By changing the bar coding into an automated one ,the company can save a large amount of its time and energy and even implement perfection in planning as it presents real time data instead of mere projections. E.g. In the ware house material arranged with barcode easy to locate particular product with the barcode system we can easily shift goods as per priority of delivery and delivery places. Conducting automated pickings: Automated technologies are easily fulfills the needs of customer thereby increasing customer satisfaction and bringing in repeated business in a shorter time span. E.g. Goods collection from customer destination is one of good example of automated pickings its save time and money of customers which bringing repeated business. Automated shipping plans: Using automated shipping plan the workers can pick to a predesigned way of stacking the containers without going for trial and error methods. This saves a lot of time and energy of the workers engaged in stacking the containers and speeding the delivery with less expense than without ASP. E.g. Barcode system on containers and on the area of ware house which easily track the goods and easily stacking and speeding the delivery. Automate shipment verification: By applying automated verification together with automated picking and using bar codes, more time can be saved on packing, verifying and shipping process. Sourcing orders based on facility workload: Logistic managers should use the method of best utilize of space when multiple warehousing and distribution facilities are available in order to improve responsiveness and maximize flexibility. The above factors tend to make the shipment reach the customers more quickly and which therefore has a direct impact on their satisfaction levels. The standards of service provided to end customers should be determined and mentioned on top of the list. The remaining strategic decisions should also be taken considering the customers interests. Frohne, (2008), Organization has to adjusting the supply chain as such to meet the market demand and product features, Determining the relation model among the supply chain participants, Selecting the suppliers, Determining on the distribution channels, Adopting a specific method of stock holding, Determining the location and nature of the warehouse, Formulating guidelines in selecting the transportation. Taking a decision on any of the above mentioned factors without giving due consideration to the customer needs may seriously affect the implementation of the general strategies of the supply chain, as the strategies of the supply chain are competitive in nature that aimed at end customer satisfaction.    The focus of supply chain on the customers can be studied more explicitly using the Quick Response concept, which means identifying the demands and reacting to its changes as quickly as possible. This concept was developed in relation to textile industry in order to avoid losses due to change in demand. The QR nature is such that it assume in close cooperation with the supply chains by providing maximum satisfaction to its customers by reducing the costs to its minimum. This becomes material if the customers provide timely information to the suppliers regarding their demands and they make timely supply of the demand. This method would no doubt increase sales by reducing the costs by bringing in profit to all the supply chains involved. 3.3 Procurement management: Procurement is appropriate goods at best cost which fulfill the requirement of purchase with good quality, quantity, time and location. It is regarding the profit orientation fastest growing business firm rather than simple cost cutting measures. There is an old saying Goods well bought are half sold, this means that the success of an organisation depends on the efficiency of its purchasing department. If organization purchase good quality raw material then its increase the productivity of internal operation, quality of final goods, reduce the wastage. Buying dept and selling departments are interlinked, in other words if buying dept purchased goods without proper consultation with the sales department which knows the nature and trend of the market, then the sales department cannot succeed to sell the goods at a profit. E.g. if purchase department without consult with sales dept purchase water resists packaging material in monsoon season to purchase waterproof material for packaging its indirectly effect on business cost, time etc wastage. In monsoon season low business activity need low quantity of packaging material need to know quantity of material as well. Scientific purchasing methods should be adopted in order to purchase the right product at the right price and place, in right quantity and quality and from the right supplier. All these factors are interconnected. There is always confusion for all the concerns regarding what to buy, where and how to buy. All these problems can be solved by performing the following purchasing functions. Jones, James V., p82(2006) Planning the purchase of goods: The producer should decide on the required amount of stock of raw materials and parts that is to be purchased on the basis of expected volume of sales and the estimated rate of production. It has some sub functions that has to be followed to make the purchase effectively. They are preparation of the budget, determination of quantities to be ordered, stock turnover, consideration of effects of changes in fashion and price changes. Assembling: It means gathering goods from various sources and bringing them to the business place. E.g. Head office ordered for packaging material and store in warehouse then need to supply at all branches on right time. If goods received from japan to deliver at north London then japan branch send goods to main office at uk branch then they supplies to London branch and London branch supply to north london branch whom deliver it to customer. Locating the sources of supply: The buyers have to search for various sources of supply and maintain contact with them. In the selection of the suppliers, the buyers should consider the efficiency, rate and location, capacity of supply goods, goodwill and financial stability of the suppliers. It is always desirable to maintain liaison with two or more suppliers to ensure uninterrupted supply in case of non availability of raw material from one supplier buyer sure for available from another supplier and supply of raw material not interrupted. Market news: The buyers should be always aware of the market, the prices, the change in fashion, tastes and attitude of the customers should be updated. The launching of the product and their impact on the customers should also be monitored by survey of customers like-dislikes, market share, market trends etc. Negotiation of terms: After the above activities have been completed the buyer has to finalise on buying. For this he has to negotiate with the suppliers terms and conditions. Usual negotiations will be on the quality, quantity, price, discounts and terms of delivery. Transfer of title: Finally, immediately after the payment the buyer should get the title transferred in his name. He should get the relevant documents like final agreement copy, terms and condition letter, quotation etc in his custody. To take a quick look at how CEVA logistics a leading supply chain management company has tied up its hands with Ford, a global leader in the automotive world, proved to be a success. The operation is located closely to the plants proximity and provides small lot market consuming areas, container management and efficient transportation system. CEVA was awarded three awards for its efficient supply chain in providing customer satisfaction through maintaining quality, fast delivery and excellence in management from Ford. 3.4 Financial aspects of logistics: Financial managers have a responsibility to raise capital for maintaining inventory and also for the firms overall profitability. There is a global solution for low risk work. Once a company enters to do business globally its financial risks also arises. It needs to ask questions as to how it will get its money in business or whether the goods will be accepted only after the shipment. Companies can use various financial instruments that banks offer nowadays in the form of letter of credit and the like. The payment condition regulates the flow of goods or services in the logistic system and the mode of payment. Some of the common means of payment are way bills, letter of credit, commercial invoice etc. on the basis of payment conditions; banks have adopted a new means of payment under the term called financial engineering. These have proved to be very much useful in enabling the free of capital that is blocked in ventures and also reducing the time of funds being locked up in business . They also have to verify the terms and contract of payment with customer and what is fixed expense are occurred against payment method with customers. The currencies of various countries can also affect international logistics in many ways. These are foreign exchange control and risks of exchange associated with warehousing. This can be reduced by selecting specific company locations, countries that have a stable market for their currencies. By reducing the order processing time can also minimise the risks involved in exchange rate.    3.5 Packaging and Inventory Management   Packaging is technology of preparing goods for transportation, sales, warehousing, logistics, evaluate the design of product. Packaging is concerned with the planning, distribution, sals and storage etc. Packaging makes attractive to the end consumers the old product. It is a group effort of the designer, the researcher, the engineer, the marketing expert, the sales department and the top management. It should be designed in a systematic manner in order to achieve its very purpose (Voortman, 2004).  The various factors to be considered while taking packaging decisions are the size, colour, material, text, brand name, caption etc. In packaging designs the AIDAS formula (see Figure 1) has to be successfully implied. AIDAS represents five basic points. They are attention, interest, desire, action and satisfaction. These are very much important in the supply chain strategy which goes ultimately in meeting the customer needs. The need of packaging is to ensures the supply of right quant ity and quality of the product, to protects the product from any damage caused due to dust, mishandling, pilferage etc, to makes the handling of products conveniently, to facilitates the storage of products, to makes it convenient to distinguish our products from that of the others, to makes the product more attractive, to helps the customers to reuse the product for some other purposes Packaging holds a very important place in the supply chain logistic management. Only when the products are presented well the customers has an urge to buy it more frequently.   Fig. 1 AIDAS Source:- self 4. Inventory Management:    Inventory management aims to handle all function correctly with tracking and management of material. Inventory management is very wide definition like to replenishment lead time , carrying costs of inventory, asset management, forecasting, valuation, visibility, future inventory cost, space, quality etc. The ultimate aim of supply chain management is how well you manage your inventory. Manufacturers face a number of challenges which require not just exceptional planning but also an effective communication setup that keeps you updated at the spur of a moment. From rapid changes of customer demands, globalisation or even natural calamities can cause your inventory to be stuck up paving way for no wages to the employees. Therefore there should be a quick information system to discuss the inbound and outbound issues affecting the demand and supply. For this there should be a well managed supply chain inventory management in order to keep the business running without any interruptions (Bo wersox, 2000) There are benefits and risks of holding inventory as mentioned below, Avoiding risks of sale: If a desired amount of inventory are stored that are ready to be sold, can bring in return to the company. It can avoid losing its customers for non supply of products. Shelf-stocks are those products which are sold to its customers with little or no modifications; an example of such a product is automobiles. Quantity discount: When goods are purchased in bulk quantity the suppliers offer a discount. This is in fact helps the buyer to make a more margin in profit. Even sometimes suppliers are ready to supply goods on credit for time period like one week /month thats all capital invest in other source for time being help to cash cycle. Reducing ordering costs: Each time an order has to be placed it incurs certain expenses like mailing costs, typing, approving and the like, so if inventory is stored in bulk it can reduce the ordering costs to a great extend. Reducing the set up costs: Start up costs is incurred each time a product is produced. Maintaining large stocks of inventory helps in reducing the set up costs. Reducing risks of production shortage: If any part of a product is unavailable it may result in the production to stay at a halt. Therefore it is good to hold inventories to maintain sufficient flow of supply to the customers. Avoiding risks of holding inventories: Reduction or decline in the market price: It faces the risks of price cutting by competitors or the arrival of a new product. In such situations holding inventories in large    amount would only prove to be a loss for the holding firm. Also inventories more money on new product like advertisement, launching, promotion offers, discount schemes etc. Deterioration of the product: Product may get worse when it is held for longer periods. Obsolescence of the product: The product may become obsolete and outdated when the customers tastes and preferences change. While dealing with inventory management in the supply chain it is also advised to go through the costs of holding inventory. The costs associated with inventory are of two types; direct costs and indirect costs. The direct costs of holding inventory are the materials cost, ordering costs and carrying costs. The indirect costs of holding inventory are costs of funds tied up in inventory (opportunity cost) and the costs of running out of stock (stock-out cost) (Waters, 2003).   When critically evaluating the inventory management we can sum up the objectives like to ensure that the materials are available for production without interruption, To maintain sufficient stock of raw material in times of shortage, To ensure that inventory of finished goods are readily made available to meet the customer demands., To maintain a balance between the inventories., To prevent the inventory from deterioration by providing proper warehousing and insurance.   From the above mentioned points it is evaluated that inventory if not controlled properly may either way prove to be wastage to the concern. This has induced the need to find out techniques to control the inventory.   4.1 Economic Order Quantity: EOQ (see Figure 2) is the level where total demands of product is constant over and each new order is delivered in regularly when in the inventory is reach at zero level. It is important to note that only the right amount of the inventory has to be stored. EOQ means the determination of the right quantity to be purchased. A balance has to be maintained between the carrying costs and the ordering cost. EOQ is the point where the total cost of ordering and the cost of carrying the inventory would be the minimum. For EOQ we assume that the ordering cost, rate of demand, purchase price and delivery quantity are constant with fixed lead time. The main point here to be noted is whether you increase or decrease the purchase the total of all the costs should be maintained at a minimum (Stock, 1993). Fig. -2 Formulas for Economic Order Quantity. Source:- Google Image. 4.2 ABC analysis:   ABC analysis (See Figure 3) is a technique of exercising selective control over inventory items. It is a method of controlling material according to its value. Its a mechanism for impact on inventory cost by identifying items. A concern need not exercise the same degree of control over all materials. Materials of high value should be closely controlled than materials of low value. Accordingly, the materials will be grouped as A, B and C. A category material constitutes only a small percentage of the total items but they have the highest value. By category items constitutes a higher percentage of the total items but have only a medium value and the C category items constitutes the highest percentage in the total inventory but it has the lowest value. ABC analysis is based on the principles of Selective Inventory Management.   Fig-3 ABC Analysis. Source Google Image 4.3 Determination of Re-order level: Re-order level (See Figure 4) is that level of inventory at which the firm should place orders in order to maintain stock of the inventory. It is with regard to the timing of purchase. When orders are placed new products will reach the before it runs out of stock. Last minute order placing is not found here as the orders are placed slightly above the minimum stock level. The above techniques can go on a long way to control the sufficient inventory. As inventory forms the life blood of a concern not a minute carelessness can be made in maintaining adequate stock of inventory. As there is a supply chain all over the globe it is high time to forgo with traditional inventory management process and continuously manage inventory through the global supply chains to optimise the inventory. The excellence in supply chain is required to strike a balance between the lead times, budgets, inventory costs and the risks. In order to maintain optimum utilization of inventory it is necessary to balance the supply chain management against the business policies, changing market demands, risks and other constraints. It makes it important to know what inventories to carry, how, when and in what form.   Fig. -4 Diagram of Reorder Level. Source:- Google Image. 5. Physical Distribution and Monitoring Performance: 5.1 Warehousing   Another important area which forms an important part of the supply chains strategy is the provision of proper storage and warehousing facilities until the goods are ready to be consumed by the end customers. Its primary aim is controlling the movement and storage of goods until they are demanded in the market. Warehouse management system aids in supporting the associated areas like transportation, put away and picking (Frazelle, 2002). Here the warehousing systems can be managed in both ways either manually or automatically. In order to explain this much better an illustration is explained below. A UK based company is a manufacturer of books, cards, antiques and other souvenirs. The company has to ship its products to more than 500 destinations around the world. Now to know the challenge it has faced, it managed to build up its own warehouse of a 10,000 foot and used paper based system. All the products have to be located based on the colour or relying completely on the staffs employ ed there. But this system proved to be inefficient as there always raised confusion between the products as different products sometimes were of the same colour. This took up a lot of time and energy of the concern and they were piling up with shipments that were yet to be dispatched. This started to affect the concern both on its revenue as well as its customer satisfaction. It also led to the duplication of work as the same lists were printed twice. They recognised that th

Looking At Poetic Sound Devices

Looking At Poetic Sound Devices While the poems tone, speaker, and choice of words serve as the basic outline for the poem, poetic sound devices give poems a special musical quality, which also contributes to the theme. You might have heard of devices such as alliteration, rhyme, assonance, consonance, and onomatopoeia; all these give poetic verses that special sound quality. Youll explore these devices in this interactivity. Ozymandias Tab: Present the entire poem here. Show 4 titles with a hotspot next to each. On clicking the hotspot next to each title, display the following text in the pop-ups. On clicking Rhyme: The poem follows a strange rhyme scheme of ababacdcedefef which doesnt fit into any standard sonnet rhyming pattern. Take a look at how the rhyming words in the poem carry the theme: land/sand: By reading just these two words, youll understand that the land thats being described is a desert. These help reiterate how nothing else remains of Ozymandias kingdom, except for sand. read/fed: Shelley venerates the sculptor who perfectly recreated or read the kings expression; and in a way fed could mean that he enlarged the kings ego. This brings out two themes; one of impermanent art and the other of pride going to a fall. things/kings: These words contribute to the theme of impermanence of earthly things including once powerful kings. despair/bare: These rhymes bring out the theme of desolation since theres only despair now that everything is bare. Youll also notice the presence of half-rhymes or imperfect rhymes in stone/frown and appear/bare On clicking Assonance: Assonance: Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown And wrinkled lip and sneer of cold command Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things, Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair! Nothing beside remains. Round the decay Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare, Particularly explain the sound devices in the last 2-3 lines of the poem e.g. the assonance and alliteration in Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare, emphasizes the vastness and desolation of the desert surrounding the statue of Ozymandias. On clicking Alliteration: Mention extensive use of alliteration e.g. Two vast and trunkless legs of stone Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown And wrinkled lip and sneer of cold command Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare, The lone and level sands stretch far away. Explain how the alliteration lone and level and sands and stretch contribute to the image of the desert and add to the theme of desolation as all that remains is the vast stretches of sand. Honky Tonk in Cleveland, Ohio Tab Read the poem Hony Tonk in Celeveland, Ohio (OR PUT THE ENTIRE POEM HERE) Carl Sandburg beautifully describes the sights and sounds of a honky tonk. A honky tonk is a tawdry drinking establishment with musical entertainment, usually found in the South and Southwest. As you read the poem, youll feel like youre in a honky tonk yourself. And you get acquainted with the sounds, sights, and the people usually found in such places. Show 3 titles with a hotspot next to each. On clicking Onomatopoeia This poem is filled with Onomatopoeia which is the naming of a thing or action by an oral imitation of the sound associated with it such as the banjo tickles and titters. Take a look at onomatopoeia in Honky Tonk in Cleveland, Ohio: drum crashes coronet razzes trombone pony neighs tuba jackass snorts banjo tickles and titters Each of these create a vivid sound image in the readers mind and go on to build up the poems theme. On clicking Alliteration and Assonance Alliteration which is the repetition of same sounds or of the same kinds of sounds at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables; is evident in the poem. Take a look at the use of Alliteration in Honky Tonk in Cleveland, Ohio: jazz and razzes trombone and tuba fleet of floozies etc.) and assonance (jazz and razzes, weep and beer etc.) in the poem and focus on how these devices bring out the theme of the poem effectively (vividly evokes images and sounds commonly found in a honky tonk). Screen 14: (1/3V) altra_tu18_s5s1_02 (MCQ) Show the following stanza in the graphic from Lord Byrons poem, When we two parted When we two parted In silence and tears, Half broken-hearted To sever for years, Pale grew thy cheek and cold, Colder thy kiss; Truly that hour foretold Sorrow to this. If you like, you can read the entire text of Lord Byrons When We Two Parted. How do poetic sound devices in this stanza of Byrons poem, When we two parted contribute to the theme? Onomatopoeia and rhyme bring out the theme of pain and loss at the lovers parting. (Look closerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the poetic devices dont only highlight the pain and loss of the lovers loss.) Alliteration, assonance, and onomatopoeia are used to describe the farewell scene of the lovers. (Look closerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the poem talks about more than just a farewell scene.) Alliteration, assonance, and rhyme create a sad atmosphere at the lovers separation. (Correct! Poetic devices in the poem create a sad atmosphere which intensifies the lovers feelings on separation) Screen 15: (1/3V) altra_tu18_s5s1_03 Show the following stanza in the graphic from Robert Brownings poem, Meeting at Night: And the startled little waves that leap In fiery ringlets from their sleep, As I gain the cove with pushing prow, And quench its speed i the slushy sand. If you like, you can read the entire text of Robert Browinngs Meeting in the Night Now that youve read the poem, answer this question: How do the poems sound devices contribute to its theme? Alliteration and rhyme bring out the theme of how a man faces the travails of a long and arduous journey across the night sea. (Look closerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Theres more than just the mans journey in the poem. For instance, waves that leap from their sleep suggests stronger emotions.) Alliteration and repetition bring out the theme of a mans fears and doubts as he journeys across the night to meet his beloved. (Look closerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ The poem remotely talks about fears and doubts on the mans part. For instance repetition of and and quench its speed ithe slushy sand suggest determination rather than fear on the mans part) Rhyme, repetition, and alliteration bring out the theme of the mans passionate tenacity as he journeys to meet his beloved. (Correct! Passion can be seen in the rhymes, leap/sleep which attribute to the distraught sea. Yet the man reaches the cove with pushing prow and quenches its speed ithe slushy sand which suggests tenacity. Further, the repetition of and makes the task seem arduous. Yet the man goes on, with great passion to meet his beloved.) Screen 16: (1/3V) altra_tu18_s6s1_01: Rhythm and Form You just saw how poetic devices like alliteration, assonance, and repetition enhance a poems theme. Now lets take a look at what rhythm has to do with poetry. Rhythm is that musical quality, produced by the repetition of stressed and unstressed syllables in words. A combination of these stressed and unstressed syllables or feet, are called a poems meter. All of these together, make up a poems form such as a ballad, elegy, sonnet etc. While many standard patterns of meter and form exist, poets may not necessarily conform to these standards; just as in Ozymandias. Take a look at the poems rhyme scheme: ababacdcedefef. This pattern doesnt conform to any traditional pattern and even as you read it, you might get the feeling that somethings not in order. Probably the rhyme scheme itself could represent the discord between the way Ozymandias thought the future was going to be and the actual, grim reality. The poem is in iambic pentameter which are lines that of five feet each. Each of the feet comprise of one unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. Take a look at these lines with which conform to iambic pentameter: Who said: / Two vast / and trunk / less legs / of stone Half sunk, / a shat / tered vi / sage lies, / whose frown,And wrink / led lip, / and sneer / of cold / command, However, a few lines do not conform to the iambic pentameter (note the syllables in italics):I met / a travel / ler from / an an / tique landStand in / the des/ ertà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Near / them, on / the sand,Tell that / its sculp / tor well / those pas / sions read,Nothing / beside / remains. / Round the / decay Screen 17: (1/3V) altra_tu18_s6s1_02 What is the poetic form of Ozymandias? You might want to take a look at the various poetic forms to refresh your memory. A poem or song composed especially as a lament for a deceased person. A narrative poem, often of folk origin and intended to be sung, consisting of simple stanzas and usually having a refrain. Sonnet (Correct! A sonnet is a poetic form consisting of fourteen lines, usually iambic pentameter.) elegy (Look closerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ An elegy is a poem that commemorates or laments for a departed person. Ozymandias does not commemorate or lament the kings death, but despises his pride instead.) ballad (Look closerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦A ballad is a narrative poem or song, often of folk origin and consists of simple stanzas with a refrain. Ozymandias doesnt have simple stanzas or a refrain.) free verse (Look closerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Free verse refers to verses that are usually unrhymed with no fixed metrical pattern. As youve seen, Ozymandias does follow a metrical pattern.) Screen 18: (1/3V) altra_tu18_s6s1_03: So as you just saw, Ozymandias follows a sonnet form. Sonnets are fourteen-line poems which can be traced back to the great Italian poet Petrarch. In a Petrarchan sonnet, the first eight lines, the octave specify a concern and the following six lines, the sestet which seeks to resolve the posed concern. The sonnets ninth line, the volta, marks a shift in the poems direction. The other famous sonnet form is the Shakespearean sonnet which comprises of three quatrains of four lines each; and ends with a rhyming couplet. Ozymandias follows neither form entirelyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ but both! While it starts off with the Shakespearean form with rhyme scheme abab. However, the rhyme scheme changes to acdc rather than the expected cdcd. And finally, it ends without a rhyming couplet but with an efef scheme, like the Petrarchan sonnet. So finally we get a strange ababacdcedefef rhyme scheme. Yet, it retains the qualities of a Shakespearean sonnet because it uses iambic pentameter in a few verses. So, though the poem is a sonnet, it does not fit the exact definition of Petrarchan or Shakespearean sonnet. This hybrid form contributes to the theme that Ozymandias expectation or vision of grandeur does not match the reality. It also brings out the theme that some things like art/sculpture and nature (sand) stand the test of time whereas other things like arrogant and tyrannical rulers perish. Screen 19: (1/3V) altra_tu18_s6s1_04: Take an example of an elegy, Robert Bridges Nightingales: Screen 20: (1/3V) altra_tu18_s6s2_01: Youve just seen how the rhyme carries the theme in an elegy. Now lets see how this is done in a ballad. Read Keats La Belle Dame Sans Meri and pay attention to its rhyme scheme. It wont take too long to indentify the simple abcd rhyme scheme in each of its twelve four-line stanzas. The poem is in iambic tetrameter, where the first and third lines contain four stressed syllables while the second and fourth lines contain three stressed syllables. The second and fourth lines are set in perfect end rhyme with one another, giving it the musical sound typically found in ballads. This form compliments the poems theme which is a narrative that tells a story of a knight who falls in love with a beautiful fair lady, who then casts him aside, and the knight is left sad and moping. Reread Sharon Olds Rite of Passage, and pay attention to its form and rhythm. Youll notice that it doesnt carry any specific form at all! This is known as a free verse form. A free verse doesnt follow the traditional orderliness of rhyme and rhythm. This chaotic form, contributes to the poems theme since the poem itself carries a disillusioned, ironic tone and disturbing theme. This style effectively explores the two colliding, yet complementing themes, of innocence and adulthood as the boys act as if they were men. One would expect a typical birthday party with lighthearted, hyper excitement. However, the mother views this party differently and sees hidden adults in the children. Through the use of free verse the mothers thoughts and feelings at the loss of innocence are effectively expressed. Screen 21: (1/3V) altra_tu18_s7s1_01: Summary As youve seen, a poems theme can be elevated and can touch readers with the effective use Review the main points. Mention that the theme of a poem can be elevated and can touch the readers by the effective use of tone, speaker, word choice, poetic sound devices, rhythm, and form. Mention how these elements contribute to the theme of a poem. If we are attuned to these elements, we will be able to understand the theme better and have a deeper appreciation of the poem.

Music For Torching by A.M. Holmes Essay -- Music Torching Holmes Essay

Music For Torching by A.M. Holmes A.M. Holmes’ critique of the American dream’s malfunction in modern suburbia examines contemporary domestic life through a variety of socially realistic metaphors. No metaphor is a stronger critic of the dark domestic world she presents than the recurring theme of clothing as a mask which her characters use to hide their true identities. The novel focuses on the importance of â€Å"socially acceptable† clothing as an expression of each character’s overall desire to reach a state of normalcy, if not perfection. Yet irony arises out the representation of clothing as both filling its customary role as a cover-up, and simultaneously being used as a medium of exposure. This ironical situation of clothing as a literal and abstract costume to hide physical and mental disfigurement reinforces the assertion that the real desires of Homes’ characters are often shielded from themselves and from others, and yet are ultimately revealed through what they wear. T he juxtaposition of the clothing motif is that clothing, or the lack thereof, serves as to conceal as well as reveal inner conflicts of sexuality, discontentment, or personal esteem. The use of clothing as a disguise is primarily apparent in its role of covering up the secret sexual lives of the characters. Each time she calls, Henry’s date asks the person on the other line, â€Å"What are you wearing?† Her constant desire to know the character’s clothing reveals the importance that outward appearance holds in a sexual connotation; the characters are repeatedly in various states of dress and undress. Nate’s mother, whom Paul refers to as Mrs. Apple, answers her door wearing her husband’s shirt. The incongruity lies in the seeming normalcy of her appearanc... ...ugged off especially by his mother Mrs. Apple, who excuses his frequent absences to conventions and war games as if they were trivial and acceptable behavior for men. Nonetheless, his father’s absence compels Nate to mimic and adopt his father’s appreciation of guns and ammunition with a warped sense of masculinity, concluding in the death of Sammy and the death of the novel’s innocence as a whole. Music For Torching inverts many societal conventions as satirical commentary on the secretly flawed world of American suburbanites. The typical societal convention for clothing’s purpose is covering up one’s own body; however, in Holmes’ novel, clothing’s accepted function is elongated and also reversed. Clothing not only covers up the physical body as well unspoken thoughts and entities, but also reveals such entities through a mixture of subtle and thematic details.

How does the writer use language to create suspense in The Red Room :: English Literature

How does the writer use language to create suspense in The Red Room The Red Room is about a man who is staying at an old house with a haunted room, which he is going to spend the night in. He is unwilling to listen to the warnings of the three elderly occupants of the house who are sure that the room is haunted. The story starts with the man speaking and being very confident about staying in the room and how only a tangible ghost will frighten him he is saying that nothing can hurt him unless it is solid or touchable which is not what ghosts are like. So he is also saying that ghosts do not exist. He tries to back up this by saying that he has â€Å" lived for eight and twenty years and never seen a ghost† however the old woman says â€Å" that he has never stayed in a house like this†. This creates more suspense because the reader want to know what the house is like and why it is haunted and what the inhabitants have experienced to support their beliefs in a paranormal housemate. To make the story more mysterious none of the characters is named. The three old people are described, as though they are unhealthy and decaying so they look like ghosts in comparison to the narrator. The narrator then wants to go to the room, so he asks the elderly people if they would guide him there but they just ignore him. He sounds very authoritative and superior but also very arrogant and the old people do not answer him so he repeats the request a little louder and they just tell him where he can find the candle and say he must go alone. Then the old woman says â€Å"this night of all nights† which again creates more tension because what did happen on this night? They give him directions to the room and he leaves them and heads for the room but just before he leave the old man says â€Å"its of your choosing† the old man is saying that when the narrator finds what ever is in the room don’t come to them saying we was pushed you into it†. The writer goes on to set the scene for the journey to the room. Portraying it as a chilly echoing passage, which sounds very threatening and menacing. He talks about the three old pensioners that occupy the castle coming from an age where there was no science and the existence of omens and witches were creditable. As he goes down

Television and Radio Is Important to Social Media Today

Television and radio is important to social media today Anthony D. Alexander, Jr COM155 Nov 24, 2012 Instructor Iaccino Television and radio has been the engines for all social media invention today. Some argue that television and radio is no longer important to social media, people believe they don’t have a need for television and radio since the Internet, cell phones and many more. Television and radio play’s a sufficient role in everyday life, rather if you use it or not.Without, television and radio there would be more people not employed. Television and radio have many of the same capabilities, but they are also different in many ways, both are very important for today social media. Television and radio has been the source to allow the many social inventions to happen today. There couldn’t be any Internet, cell phones, and smart phones, smart TV, broadcasting news, and many more. Television and radio has paved the ways for many other media today.There are pe ople who get up every morning preparing to go to work, which they would get dress and brew their coffee and hope in the car and turn on the radio: rather if it for news, weather, and nationwide morning shows: or while getting dress they turn on the television to catch some of the local or nationwide news, entertainment, and the reality show they recorded last night. Although, many don’t do this, but some do and that’s why television and radio still have the same value today as the past years.Some argue that television and radio is no longer important to social media, people believe they don’t have a need for television and radio since the Internet, cell phones and many more. Some believe the value of television and radio has extinct and no one needs it for social media today. I have asked many people if they feel this way and the majority responses where â€Å"I don’t watch TV that often and some said they â€Å"don’t have a care to listen to rad io†.Many people don’t think of how much they really use television and radio while completing my resource and asking people question about television and radio and them to compare and contrast was very interesting. By asking them these question it brought up how important both are, and how they compare and contrast. Television and radio play’s a sufficient role in everyday life, rather if you use it or not.Television and has many comparisons: they both open the door for many other social media, they both have electrical cords that plugs into a outlet, both can be use portable, both give you news, entertainment, live broadcasting, both can be used by a remote, both have speakers, both plays music, and many more. Television and radio both are also very different like: television shows a picture with voice which radio only have the voice, radio has sound waves that could be pick up anywhere and television can’t.This is what makes radio so important, many of u s has family and friends that’s fighting for our county and who is not able to watch the television to see what going on in the news, politics, sports or weather reports. Television allows a person to watch and listen, once a pond a time this was far fetch. Years ago you couldn’t tell people that we would be able to watch a picture on a little box (now big boxes). Television shows you different events, entertainment, also news and live broadcasting from all over the world. Radio works in underwater ships, and in the rain forest where there is no television.Television is one of the most expensive ways of social media, and radios are giving away free if you are able to find the right place. We would be nowhere without television and radio. If it wasn’t for television and radio, we would not know who the president is and doing for our country, if not for radio how would we known when Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, President Kennedy where killed, if it wasn’t for television how would we known and seen the OJ Simpson, D. C. murder trails, the massacre that took place at Columbine high school or the killing of Osama Bin Laden.Without, television and radio there would be more people not employed. Television and radio formed the word â€Å"celebrity† there would not be one if not for television and radio. Today there are many of actors and actress, sports players, musicians, advertisement companies, Wall Street or inventions such as computers, smart phones, Internet, cable, satellite television and radio, game systems. These items came from the root of television and radio, without these we would have no social media today. From the root of television and radio we have one of the largest social media sites there is Facebook.Facebook still incorporates television and radio every day, with advertisement on the radio and television, plus Facebook also filmed a movie about how Facebook started. Facebook would not have been what it is tod ay if it had not utilized the pioneers which are television and radio. Now, you can connect with all social media through your smart phone. Smart phone has a radio, television, and the Internet. Smart phone allows you to select application where you can do much more than a television and radio, but all are stems to the root of television.Television and radio have many of the same capabilities, but they are also different in many ways, both are very important for today social media. Television and radio has shown why they are the pioneers of social media, no social media could have ever been possible without television and radio. Television and radio should be important to your social media, The lack of television and radio means no information for use. I was one who never cared about television or radio, until I went a week without the booth and I thought I was clueless to the world.

Tomorrow When the War Began Essay Year 9

anTomorrow When the War Began by John Marsden Tomorrow when the war began by John Marsden is an epic novel about the struggles 7 mismatched teens face when their home town has been invaded. A series of obstacles including love, lust, politics and friendship is just the start of what these young adults will be put up against in their journey to take back their family and their homes. Decisions will be made and sacrifices will be taken only to help build a stronger and more united front against their enemy.As in real life, first impressions matter. Teenagers come in all different shapes and sizes, and with this group there is no difference. Ellie (the view point in which this novel is written in) is the typical all-round rural teen girl. She loves a bit of girly time with her girlfriends, but doesn’t mind getting her hands dirty helping her parents out with their farm. She’s an intelligent, outgoing, frivolous, young writer who emerges primarily as the ‘glue’ that holds this odd bunch of teens together. â€Å"Rack off guys!I’ll never get this done. †(p. 1) Right from the page l, Marsden has cleverly given us our stereotypical idea of a young teen girl, using slang words like â€Å"Rack off†¦ †. (1 more quote) Homer on the other hand is quite the opposite. Besides the fact that he’s male, his initial introduction could be compared to a young boy or monkey. He’s a rule breaker and a tree shaker. He’s not one to fold under the pressures of his peers and loves to live up to his Greek ancestors. Referred to as wild and outrageous, he’s more brawn than brains.Winding up girls and smashing in windows with his mates takes his fancy, and disobedience may very well be the one word that sums up this tanned and rough Aussie rural. â€Å" Homer was wild and outrageous. He didn’t care what he did or what anyone thought. Mrs Yannos tried to make Homer eat Brussels sprouts; they had a massiv e argument which ended with Homer chucking the sprouts at his mum. Homer always seemed to be in trouble. †(p. 15-16). This extract is a great example of how Marsden has created the form work of a young and rebellious teen boy.Real life experiences are enough to change a person both physically and mentally. These are pivotal moment(s) in a person’s life that make people choose different paths and decide on who they will become from that moment on, whether they know it or not. Ellie’s character is a great example of this with the changes to her personality as the events unfold during their ordeal. This law abiding citizen goes through many tests of logic, skill and quick thinking. Although some situations may terrorise her, they still play a major part in her characters development.In the seventh chapter of this book, Ellie is faced with her first ordeal of stepping out into enemy territory and running to the safety of a tree. â€Å"A single movement was the key t o finding my spirit. There was a tree about four steps away,†¦ I suddenly made myself leave the darkness and go to it†¦. This is it. I’ve done it! It was a dance of courage. At that moment I stopped being an innocent rural teenager and started becoming someone else†¦ † (p. 81-82) Marsden has set this pivotal moment of Ellie’s journey up very well.His descriptive language and well thought-out dialogue really helps put the reader into a position where they can think like Ellie has thought and feel the transformations Ellie has undergone. She’s gotten to the point where she was able to take the plunge into her new and unknown self, leaving her child-like being behind and run towards her new found grownup self. At the beginning of the novel, Ellie portrays Kevin to be self riches guy who loves to be right and quite selfish. â€Å"He was known for having a big ego and he liked to take the credit for everything†¦ † (p. 4)His beliefs an d morals are elements of his personality that change as an effect of the war. In the final chapters of the novel Kevin emerges in a rage of love and friendship to put himself aside and help his injured girlfriend. â€Å"Corrie’s my mate and I’m not going to dump her and run. It has to be me†¦ if you don’t mind I want to do it. †(p. 281) Kevin has made a huge contrast to his old self and shown his loyalty and love for his partner, leaving himself a little more vulnerable with his feels so open unprotected. Again Marsden has incorporated the use of teen slang into Kevin’s speech, so to not lose any of its realism.A good friendship is something that binds groups of people together, no matter the situation. This group’s friendship prospers and grows between every member of the team. Some even fall in love. That’s why when it comes to making tough decisions it can be even tougher if you’re close with one another. At many a time the group finds themselves in sticky situations of life and death. An example of this would be when Homer made the unpopular decision to ask the group to split up. Some members of the group sided with logic and backed up Homer. â€Å"So what are you suggesting? (p. 75) Kevin said, but like in any argument others were against the idea. Homer’s new found leadership made it possible for him to persuade the group against friendship and to side with logic. There was some element of compromise where certain team members stayed together because of other emotional reasons but Homer still got his way. As the novel progresses we see that this decision was a good idea to take on. Marsden has used the idea of relationships between members of the group to favour his main audience of teenagers, but is still a book any age can enjoy.In summary, this â€Å"Tomorrow When The War Began† by John Marsden, delves into the emotional and quite raw parts of the teenage person. These teens a re really stripped to their bare essentials and are forced to take on a new and more sophisticated perspective and personality. Some characters may be idealised for their courage to stand up and make a change. A responder can really relate and take on their emotional journey’s which is another reason why this book is so popular with its wide audience.

Domino’s marketing mix Essay

Domino’s Pizza has chosen a market follower strategy. The product positioning of Domino’s is delivery in 30mins or less pizza to every customers. At such product promise, Domino’s able to implant the top of mind in customer’s mind. The product mix has evolved to include pizza, salads, sandwiches, chicken wings and specialty desserts. Whereas, Pizza Hut has always followed â€Å"Single brand positioning† called â€Å"Pizzas†. Pizza Hut also goes with multiple product strategy as Pizza Hut not only sells pizzas, they also deals with variety of other product such as appetizers, beverages, chicken wings. Pizza Hut more emphasize on the dining experience and food quality. Pizza Hut mainly sells Pan Pizzas, Stuffed Crust Pizzas, Thin Crust Pizzas, and Twisted Crust Pizza. Papa John’s against current national and local take-and-bake companies or non take-and-bake companies. They also serve pasta and rice, pizza pocket, soups and salads. Papa John’s resources are its commissary and high quality ingredients as it is raw materials. _PRICING (MALAYSIA PRICING)_ _BRAND_ _SMALL/ REGULAR/ LARGE_ _STANDARDIZED ORDINARY PIZZA PRICE_ Domino’s Rm11.80/Rm 24.80/ Rm 34.80 Pizza Hut Rm9.80/ Rm 21.80/ Rm 30.80 Papa John’s Rm12.50/Rm 23.90/ Rm 32.50 _* Current pricing list of Pizza Company in Malaysia._ From the table we can see that Pizza hut offers the best deal of ordinary pizza out of Domino’s and Papa John’s. The price range of pizza is RM10-RM35 excluded tax and service charge. Mostly the high price attributed to the high quality of ingredients used. For example, Domino’s sourced its Pepperoni and Jalapeno needs from Australia and Spain respectively. Meanwhile Pizza Hut implementing â€Å"A high/low pricing† strategy as far as its new product are concerned where it fixes the price higher than its competitors and then gradually lowers the price below the competitor’s price. Papa John’s utilizes the point-of-sale technology in all outlets in the mean time; Papa John’s also currently follows a low cost differentiation strategy for its production policy. _PROMOTIONS (PROMOTIONS APPLICABLE IN MALAYSIA ONLY)_ In the aspect of sales promotions, there are customer’s claimed that Domino’s actually offering the best deal of the price. This is because Domino’s is having an offer which customers who order up to two regular pizzas only cost RM 30. Pizza Hut is using a marketing strategy in order to capture consumer’s philosophy by selling their personal pizza and every day $10 large pizzas offer. Papa John’s do has its promotions where customers buy any medium or large pizza will get same size of another pizza for free on Tuesday only. From the aspect of media advertising, Pizza Hut has always been named for the good advertising. Pizza Hut has widely promoted by all kinds of advertisement through television, radio, newspaper. In Malaysia, we seldom see Domino’s and Papa John’s advertisement on television but frequently heard from radio or print media. Basically all pizza company does direct marketing like they selling pizza through internet and nu mber. _PLACE_ Since Domino’s is not a dine-in restaurant so Domino’s does not offer dine-in as a method to distribute its products. With the advent of mobile apps, Domino’s has now digitalized their system for the ease of ordering. Online ordering is also a method that Domino’s used to distribute its products to the customers. Domino’s utilizes 30minutes or less delivery or it’s free basis. Pizza Hut uses three different methods of places its products directly to the market. The first method of distribution used by Pizza Hut is by delivery. Customers can call Pizza Hut and place order, and then the order will be delivered to the customer’s home. Secondly, customers can choose to dine-in in restaurant over delivery. Lastly, Pizza Hut does receive orders from the internet from customers who would like to order a delivery. Similarly, Papa John’s is using delivery to distribute their products to their customers. Other than that, they also using d ine-in as a way to give-out their products unlike Domino’s.